Arabic script and its letters

Arabic script and its alphabet has 28 letters! The vast majority are consonants, but three of them are both consonants and vowels. If any of these letters take place in a text then it will be a consonant, if not it will be an extension of the preceding vowel. Sometimes it is also considered a letter hamza (ء), or stumble.

Among these 28 letters, there is a group of six letters that “avoid” linking to the next letter. Despite the lack of connection between letters within a word, it is still one word. The letters are: ر ز د ذ و ا.

All letters are written right to left. There is no distinction between uppercase and lowercase letters. The size of the letters is the same all the time. In Arabic, you cannot carry a part of a word to the next line. In the event that the word may not fit completely, it is simply written lower, and in order to visually align the text above, interwords are added. Importantly, there is no division into printed and written letters.

Vowels

In Arabic, vowels are a very specific phenomenon – there are short vowels and long vowels. There are three short vowels: fatha (الفتحة), kasra (الكسرة) and damma (الضمة). These vowels do not occur in written texts. In turn, the long vowels are: ا و ي. They are an extension of the preceding short vowel. They appear in the text.